A Virtual Assistant虚拟世界助手A new addition right next to the Start button is Cortana, Microsofts virtual assistant. A user can do a search by typing in a query or speaking a command into the microphone. Saying commands like “Remind me to buy milk on Tuesday” sets up a reminder notification that will alert you on that day, and “Schedule meeting tomorrow at 3 p.m.” creates an appointment in your calendar.就在开始按钮旁边，追加了微软公司的虚拟世界助手Cortana。用户只要键入一个问题，或对着麦克风收到一个指令，就可以在设备上构建搜寻功能。

讲出类似于“警告我周二卖牛奶”的指令，手机不会自动设置一个警告任务，然后在那天给你收到警告。而收到“决定明天下午三点的会议”的指令，日程表上不会自动创立这一日程。On other questions, like finding a place to eat, Cortana often falls back to doing searches on Bing.com, Microsofts search engine, which is less proficient than Googles search engine. In tests, Cortana generated mixed results. Asking Cortana to look up a place to eat nearby retrieved a list of Bing search results for the term “Find me places to eat nearby,” which included the website places-to-eat-near-me.com, as opposed to showing a list of restaurants. (By contrast, the same query on Siri, Apples virtual assistant, brought up Yelp listings of popular restaurants within half a mile from me here in San Francisco.)对于其他问题，比如找寻睡觉的地方，Cortana一般来说不会转而在微软公司研发的搜索引擎Bing上展开搜寻，而Bing没谷歌的搜索引擎那么磨练。

在测试中，Cortana得出的结果较为杂乱。让Cortana在附近去找一个睡觉的地方，获得的是在Bing上输出“在附近去找睡觉的地方”后经常出现的一系列搜寻结果，还包括取名为“附近睡觉的地方”的网站(places-to-eat-near-me.com)，而不是明确的餐馆列表。

（相比之下，在苹果设备上回答其虚拟世界助手Siri某种程度的问题，不会经常出现餐饮网车站Yelp上距离我在旧金山所在方位半英里以内最热门的餐馆列表。）On the other hand, Cortana did respond adequately to some other commands, like “Show me showtimes for ‘Trainwreck,” which loaded a schedule of movie theaters showing the movie nearby.但是，Cortana对一些其他指令反应的确充足做到。比如明确提出“表明《生活残骸》(Trainwreck)的首映时间”这一拒绝，它不会表明附近公映这部电影的几个影院的时间表。

A big hole in Cortana is the mobile phone experience. Cortana is built in to Windows phones and the problem is, you probably dont own one. To date, Microsofts Windows Phone platform has 3.5 percent market share in the United States, according to Kantar Worldpanel.Cortana的众多缺陷在于其手机端的用于体验。Cortana是内置在Windows手机上的，问题是你有可能不必这个品牌的手机。凯度消费者指数(Kantar Worldpanel)的数据表明，到目前为止，微软公司的Windows手机平台在美国的市场占有量只有3.5％。

Microsoft says that Cortana will eventually be available as an app on devices running Googles Android and Apples iOS mobile software. For now, though, Cortana will primarily live on computers and tablets, limiting its usefulness.微软公司回应，Cortana最后不会沦为用于谷歌的Android系统和苹果的iOS移动操作系统的设备上也可以加装的app。但目前Cortana将主要在微软公司的电脑末端和平板电脑上用于，其实际使用价值不会较为受限。

Its difficult to imagine that while on the go, people will yank a Windows tablet or computer out of their bag to ask Cortana to schedule a calendar appointment or create a reminder. In addition, the idea of using a voice assistant on a stationary computer in a typical office environment, where colleagues will overhear you over their cubicle walls yapping to Cortana, seems off-putting. As a result, in its current state, Cortana is a promising start, but its far less useful than its direct rivals, Siri and Googles Now, which are widely available on smartphones worldwide.很难想象，人们不会一旁回头一旁从包里拿走个Windows平板电脑或笔记本，让Cortana在日程表上加到一个决定事项或创立一个警告事项。而且，想象自己在一个典型的办公环境里，对着一台固定不动的电脑用于语音助手，还有旁边格子间的同事能听见你和Cortana的对话，这场景还一挺让人倒胃口的。结果就是，在目前的状态下，Cortana是个有期望的开端，但它相比之下没其必要竞争对手Siri和 Google Now那么简单，后两者在智能手机领域用于十分普遍。

More Built-In Security更好的系统嵌入安全性维护Microsoft has made some bold promises about improvements to security in Windows 10. Chris Hallum, a senior product marketing manager for Microsoft, said in an interview that because of all the security enhancements in Windows 10, consumers and businesses wont have to install additional security software to protect their machines. “We include a full-fledged antivirus solution in Windows,” he said.微软公司早已就Windows 10的安全性性能做出大胆允诺。微软公司高级产品营销经理克里斯·哈卢姆(Chris Hallum)在一次拒绝接受专访时回应，因为Windows 10在诸多方面大大提高了安全性性能，消费者和企业用户将仍然必须额外加装安全软件来维护自己的电脑。“Windows系统中包括了一个成熟期的防病毒方案，”他说道。Microsoft has been including these deeper security features since Windows 8. But with Windows XP and Windows 7, far more popular versions of the software, it was practically a requirement to buy and install third-party antivirus software from McAfee or Norton, unless you wanted to be eaten alive by hackers.自Windows 8开始，微软公司就在操作系统中减少了更加深层次的安全性特性。

但是，用户用于更为风行的Windows XP和Windows 7时，实质上还是必须从迈克菲(McAfee)或诺顿(Norton)出售和加装第三方防病毒软件，除非你想要被黑客生吞活剥。Mr. Hallum said Microsoft was taking a multifaceted approach to protecting user identities as well as blocking malicious software. For one, Microsoft Edge, the default browser in Windows 10, includes a feature called SmartScreen, which can identify malicious websites by scanning them for suspicious characteristics. The Edge browser also keeps some add-on software for the browser, like Adobe Flash, to safeguard you from the latest vulnerabilities. Another feature, Windows Defender, can identify potentially harmful software youve downloaded and warn you before you run it.哈卢姆回应，微软公司于是以使用多种措施维护用户的身份信息和挡住恶意软件。

比如，Windows 10的配置文件浏览器微软公司Edge包括一种叫智能屏的(SmartScreen)功能，可以通过扫瞄网页内容查询怀疑特征，以分辨蓄意网站。Edge浏览器上还能加装Adobe Flash等可选软件以防止电脑受到新的漏洞的损害。它的另一个功能Windows卫士(Windows Defender)可以分辨你iTunes的潜在危害软件，并在你运营它之前收到警告。Are you really safe not installing additional antivirus software? As we should all know by now, almost all computer systems have some vulnerability. Still, Charlie Miller, a security researcher, said Windows 10s security features should work as well as other antivirus software. He noted that Windows Defender had been a strong security program for some time.不额外加装防病毒软件知道能充足安全性吗？以我们现有的理解，完全所有电脑系统都会有一些漏洞。

但安全性研究员亨利·米勒(Charlie Miller)回应，Windows 10的安全性应当需要和其他防病毒软件相媲美。他认为，Windows卫士作为一个强劲的安全性方案早已不存在有一段时间了。Beginning Wednesday, Microsoft will be releasing the operating system over the Internet in waves, starting with people who signed up to test early versions of the software as part of its “insiders” program. Later, Windows 7 and Windows 8 users who receive alerts notifying them of the upgrade will be able to download it.从周三开始，微软公司将通过网络分批公布该操作系统。

首先获取给之前曾甄选参予测试该软件早期版本的人，这些人是其“内部人”计划的一部分。之后，接到升级警告的Windows 7和Windows 8用户就可以iTunes它了。

At the time of my testing, ahead of the public release of Windows 10, I encountered a number of bugs. To name just two examples: In one incident, Microsofts Edge browser blocked me for an entire night from using Google Mail, after mistakenly identifying it as a malicious website — though the next morning I was able to log in. I also had a frustrating time trying to compose a document inside Google Docs, when the Edge browser occasionally failed to detect when I was hitting the space bar; Microsoft confirmed it would fix the issue shortly after release.在Windows 10月公布之前的测试中，我找到了一些毛病。任举两例：有一次微软公司的Edge浏览器错误地把Google Mail辨识为蓄意网站，整整一晚上不给我用——不过第二天早上我顺利登入了。还有一次在Google Docs里写出文档，祸我着急了很久，因为Edge有时候不会无法辨识到我击出的空格；微软公司早已证实不会在公布之后旋即修正这个问题。Combine the early bugs with the spottiness of Cortana and the fact that third-party app developers are still updating their Windows apps for Windows 10, and the operating system still has a little ways to go before it becomes a solid all-around upgrade. But the improvements to security, along with the familiar user interface, should be reasons to grab this upgrade sooner than later (especially if youre on Windows 7 and lacking up-to-date security tools). The upgrade will be free for up to a year — after that, Microsoft may begin charging for it.融合早期的这些毛病以及Cortana的不平稳，还有第三方应用于开发者还没有已完成向Windows 10的相容，这个操作系统要构建一次平稳而全面的升级尚需些时日。

但是安全性方面的改良，以及让用户实在熟知的界面，不会促成人们尽快去提供此次改版（特别是在是如果你用的是Windows 7，缺少近期的安全性工具）。改版在未来一年里是免费的——此后微软公司可能会开始收费。For to-be switchers, Microsoft offers a web tool where users can check if their apps are compatible with Windows 10 before making the switch. If youre eager to get in line for an upgrade, you can reserve a download on Microsofts website.微软公司为无意改版的用户打算了一个Web工具，用户可以在改版前，再行到上面检查他们的应用于否相容Windows 10。

如果你缓着胜过改版，可以在微软公司的网站上预约iTunes。

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