Campaigners have for years been battling to get the world’s poor better access to banking, arguing that something as simple as setting up a bank account and, better yet, providing credit can be the most effective tools to help people rise out of poverty.多年来，活动家们仍然在为了让世界上的穷人更佳地取得银行服务而希望。他们认为，像开办银行账户、以及更进一步获取信贷这样非常简单的事，可以沦为协助人们挣脱贫穷的最有效地工具。But thanks to a rare confluence of technological innovations and new pushes in countries such as India, those efforts to encourage what the professionals call “financial inclusion” might finally be paying off.现在，技术创新和印度等国国内的新推动力于是以绝佳地再次发生融合，归功于此，希望这种专业人士所称的“金融包容性”的希望有可能再一要顺利了。

In a report looking at both the progress made and the government policies being adopted around the developing world, researchers at the Brookings Institution in Washington argue that after years of work that may just be the case.在一份实地考察“金融包容性”进展以及发展中国家政府所接纳的政策的报告中，华盛顿布鲁金斯学会(Brookings Institution)的研究员指出，在经过多年的希望之后，情况有可能显然如此。“Financial inclusion is really taking off,” says Darrell West, director of the centre for technological innovation at Brookings and one of the authors. “I think we have reached a tipping point.”“金融包容性知道在构建，”布鲁金斯学会科技创新中心主任、该报告作者之一达雷尔韦斯特(Darrell West)称之为，“我想要我们早已超过了一个临界点。”The study is not the first to identify progress. In April, for example, the World Bank released the results of a 140-country survey that found more than 700m people worldwide had left the ranks of the “unbanked” in the past three years.该研究并非是第一个证实该进展的。

例如，今年4月世界银行(World Bank)发布的对140个国家所做到调查的结果显示，过去3年中，世界各地有多达7亿人瓦解了“无银行账户者”之佩。The main credit for that progress goes to mobile phone-based payment platforms such as Kenya’s M-Pesa, which have provided a way around often traditional bank bureaucracies and regulatory regimes in many developing economies.该进展主要得益于肯尼亚M-Pesa之类的手机缴纳平台，它们获取了一条途径，可以绕过很多发展中国家一般来说情况下传统银行的繁文缛节和监管机制。

Their widespread use in some African countries has put the continent at the forefront of efforts to secure banking services for the poor. Kenya topped the rankings of the 21 countries Brookings researchers examined, with 75 per cent of adults now holding financial accounts of some sort, a 33 percentage point increase from 2011.它们在一些非洲国家的普遍用于，使非洲正处于老大穷人取得银行服务的希望的前沿。在布鲁金斯学会研究员实地考察的21个国家中，肯尼亚名列榜首，如今75%的成年人享有某种金融账户，较2011年快速增长了33个百分点。Among the things encouraging researchers is the fact that after years of being a largely African phenomenon, mobile phone-driven services are being launched in other regions where governments are also loosening historical regulatory constraints on non-bank financial service companies.令其研究员深感激励的是，过去多年主要归属于非洲现象的手机金融服务，如今正在其他地区进行，而这些地区的政府也在放开历史上针对非银行金融服务机构的监管约束。In an increasing number of places governments are working with the banking industry and telecoms companies to establish a mobile payment system aimed at those without bank accounts — in Peru 70 per cent of its 22m adults, said the World Bank.世界银行称之为，在更加多的地区，政府正在与银行业和电信公司合作，面向那些没银行账户的人——在秘鲁，2200万成年人中70%的人归属于这类人——创建移动支付系统。

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